Proportional Nonsense

The Liberal Democrats are pushing for Proportional Representation (PR) again.

One of the reasons given in support of this catastrophic move is that PR makes your vote “count” and that people might be staying away from elections because they think their vote does not count.

The irony is that the actual effect of PR is systematically to ensure that your vote, and the voting process as a whole, counts as little as possible. How so? Well, PR involves counting the votes for each party and then picking candidates from a party list in proportion to the votes that each party received. This means there isn't any such thing as a local MP who can be held responsible for his behaviour in Parliament. Furthermore, PR gives grossly disproportionate power to the third-largest party, for they are typically the kingmakers who, by choosing which of the two largest parties to ally with, get to choose the real outcome of a typical election under PR. The fourth-largest and even smaller parties often get lucky too. Thus the outcome is highly insensitive to votes, and highly sensitive to the whims of (literally) third-rate politicians. This, in turn, makes it easier for fringe parties – like Britain's third-largest party, the Liberal Democrats – to get a larger share of the votes, thus making it even more difficult to exclude them from the government. Karl Popper's overarching principle of politics is that the issue of who rules is less important than the issue of how bad rulers and bad policies can be eliminated. Well, PR makes it as hard as possible to choose good rulers in the first place, and well nigh impossible to vote, or campaign, or argue, to keep any party out of government.

This should hardly be surprising, for the notion that you can create good policy by taking the average of everyone's opinions is ridiculous. Should we allow decent people seeking asylum from persecution into the country? Well, the neo-fascist right wants to exclude all asylum seekers, so would it be right to exclude 5% of them? Should we have marched 62% of the way to Baghdad?

As for voter turnout, the difficulty in the last election in Britain was that there was no realistic prospect of removing Labour. Hence the drop from 71.5% turnout in 1997 to 59% in 2001. This can only be fixed by having a worthwhile opposition party – something that our present electoral system is giving the politicians powerful incentives to create – not by sabotaging the electoral system to make sure that no worthwhile party is ever in power again.

too bad more ppl don't understand this

v good post.

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/

Proportional Nonsense?

I've lived both in Holland (where they have a proportional system) and in America (with a district system). Therefore, I've been able to make some comparison. Though I am not for democracy, I think the proportional system is a bit better. Contrary to the above criticism, I think it is correct in an important sense that the proportional system makes your vote count more. That is, in a district system your vote doesn't "count" if you vote for a small party. Because of the typically homogeneous country wide distribution of political views, small parties tend not to get a single seat in district systems. Hence, your vote doesn't "count" if you vote for a small party in the UK/US, while it does in a proportional system (where small parties get a part of parliament proportional to their country wide vote proportion). This fact biases district sytems to 2 party (US) and 3 party (UK) systems. This in turn means that in a country like Holland the political system is much more sensitive toward new ideas, new parties and has a larger margin of debate. In short, it makes the system more dynamic and self-correcting. Case in point: the Libertarian Party in the US typically get's 0.5% of the vote but no seats in congress. With PR they would get a few seats in Congress and have at least an influence on the debate. (Also, more people would vote for the LP in a system in which their vote would no longer be "wasted".)

Your theory that PR gives grossly disproportionate power to the third-largest party sounds logical at first, but turns out to be untrue in practice, for a variety of reasons. One of which is that there are often several "third parties" that can be used to help create a majority, which counteracts any monopoly power. And a second reason is that it is simply an empirical fact (explainable by both economic bargaining theory and gentlemen's agreement) that coalition agreements tend to favor each party's programme in proportion to their size.

You are right that the notion that you can create good policy by taking the average of everyone's opinions is ridiculous. But that's an argument against democracy in general, not agains PR.

An important point to be made (but which is rarely made) is that coutries that wish to keep their district system nonetheless must change to the Condorcet voting system, which is a potent cure against the "wasted vote syndrome".

Henry Sturman

Not Average

'That is, in a district system your vote doesn't "count" if you vote for a small party. Because of the typically homogeneous country wide distribution of political views, small parties tend not to get a single seat in district systems.'

This is as it should be. Or are you suggesting political cranks with unworkable policies, or people who are incapable of arguing convincingly for good policies should have an influence on policy? When socialists are in the minority, as they will be eventually (I hope) do you want their cranky minority opinions to blunt the force of reforms in the direction of capitalism, or do you want to be able to ignore their whining?

'Your theory that PR gives grossly disproportionate power to the third-largest party sounds logical at first, but turns out to be untrue in practice, for a variety of reasons.'

No, in practise it's true. Israel has a problem with religious parties putting in irrational legislation largely because of the disproportionate influence given to them by PR. If they didn't have PR they could ignore the religious parties.

'You are right that the notion that you can create good policy by taking the average of everyone's opinions is ridiculous. But that's an argument against democracy in general, not agains PR.'

Democracy does not take the average of everyone's opinion if you do it in a way that is even mildly sensible, i.e. - if you don't use PR. The policy of Parliament in Britain is not the average of everyone's opinion because the party in power can usually get legislation through on the strength of their own seats in Parliament. This is not the average in any sense of that word. Did the American and British governments half go to war against Saddam and half not? No. Did they compromise with their opponents? No. As such, political debates actually have a large effect on what happens, since they can ensure that one party rather than another gets its policies through. Under PR this is generally impossible to arrange, so every policy is a compromise and nobody has any responsibility for anything and cranks like Charles Kennedy can't be excluded from power.

There are good arguments that anarchocapitalism would be better than democracy, your averaging objection is not one of them.

Lastly, you say 'I am not for democracy'. Do you have any preference between dictatorship and democracy?

PR Gives power to the third largest party

To those who doubt that PR gives grossly disproportionate power to the third largest party, I have only one word to say: Genscher.

Just noticed this

Two accused war criminals could take Serbia parliament seats after weekend vote
Jailed former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic and another accused war criminal could become members of Serbia's parliament after their extreme nationalist allies swept weekend elections, according to results released Monday.
...
Although the Radicals did not garner a majority that would allow them to form a new Cabinet -- even in coalition with Milosevic's Socialist Party, which won 22 seats -- they will be a tough opposition for any new government.

David Schneider-Joseph
President, Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions
Chief, Tewata

Re: Not Average

Or are you suggesting political cranks with unworkable policies, or people who are incapable of arguing convincingly for good policies should have an influence on policy? When socialists are in the minority, as they will be eventually (I hope) do you want their cranky minority opinions to blunt the force of reforms in the direction of capitalism, or do you want to be able to ignore their whining?

I think you're missing the point. Of course it's better that cranks don't have political influence. But if by disposing of that we also dispose of the influence of good small groups it's not a good idea. We don't want to throw away the baby with the bath water. It's like saying let's abolish scientific freedom and keep only the good scientists who say good things. The cure would be worse than the disease, since by keeping bad scientists out you're also keeping new good scientists with good ideas out. In the end truth does better in a free and open debate, even if that means allowing the bad parts in as well. So too in politics. Of course, you're right that in a PR system you'll get idiot communist minorities influencing debate. But by abolishing that you also lose the libertarian minorities who can influence the debate. If I have a choice between only the status quo or status quo plus communist minority plus libertarian minority I think the latter is better.

No, in practise it's true. Israel has a problem with religious parties putting in irrational legislation largely because of the disproportionate influence given to them by PR. If they didn't have PR they could ignore the religious parties.

Of course you can always give examples where this does happen. I guess I should have been more precise and claim that in my experience in most systems (certainly in the Dutch system) this is relatively rare. But even if you are right about this being a problem sometimes or even more often, that doesn't mean we should immediately abolish PR. When choosing between two systems, both of which are less than perfect, we should balance both systems' pros and cons. A possible disproportionate representation by some small party in PR has a counterpart in the disproportionate disrepresentation of minorities in a district system.

Democracy does not take the average of everyone's opinion if you do it in a way that is even mildly sensible, i.e. - if you don't use PR.

Yes it does. And so there's much less difference between PR and district sysem than you might think. It is no coincidence that both parties in the US are almost equal and in the UK you're seeing more and more of that as well, with Labor adopting formerly Conservative policies. Big parties have an internal dynamic not unlike that of the PR system. In a district system the compromise comes not from the coalition agreements, but rather from the fact that parties have to market their policies toward a compromise gaining most votes. The result are really not very dissimilar. Therefore the main difference between both systems is really that the debate is larger, which I've argued is a good thing as it is in science.

PR and district do both have their advantages and disadvantages. On balance I prefer PR for the reason explained.

Lastly, you say 'I am not for democracy'. Do you have any preference between dictatorship and democracy?

Well democracy is just another form of dictatorship, but I think you mean whether I have a preference between democracy and other forms of dictatorship. My fundamental principle is freedom, so I would favor that system which gives more freedom. I'm an anarcho-capitalist, but given the choice I'd choose democracy over other dictatorships, because I think democracies tend to have more respect for freedom. Though it's interesting to note not everybody agrees. In particular Hans Hoppe argues that the wildly oppressive welfare state originates from democracy and would have been less extensive under absolute monarchism. We're obviously much better off in the West than say the Middle East. Interestingly even in a brutal dictatorship such as Iraq's Baath party, there was more freedom in some things than we have here. One didn't have any freedom of speech, but one did have the right to build say a shed in one's own garden, a freedom which is typically lacking in a Western countries such as the Netherlands. They were so busy killing off their political enemies, that they really didn't have time to care about non-political life style choices that are overregulated in the West. (For the casual reader: I'm not defending Sadam's rule. I think the liberation by the Allies is a great improvement for Iraq and for the world.)

Alan, I think you might learn a bit more if you spend slightly more time on looking at issues from your critic's points of view and slightly less time on contemplating how you can attack your critics views.

Henry Sturman

alan rocks

"Alan, I think you might learn a bit more if you spend slightly more time on looking at issues from your critic's points of view and slightly less time on contemplating how you can attack your critics views."

funny, we could say the same to you. i think it's an unfair line of attack in either case, though.

i'd also like to personally vouch for Alan's integrity and openness to persuasion. you will find few people better.

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/

Suppressing Debate?

I think you're missing the point. Of course it's better that cranks don't have political influence. But if by disposing of that we also dispose of the influence of good small groups it's not a good idea. We don't want to throw away the baby with the bath water. It's like saying let's abolish scientific freedom and keep only the good scientists who say good things. The cure would be worse than the disease, since by keeping bad scientists out you're also keeping new good scientists with good ideas out. In the end truth does better in a free and open debate, even if that means allowing the bad parts in as well. So too in politics. Of course, you're right that in a PR system you'll get idiot communist minorities influencing debate. But by abolishing that you also lose the libertarian minorities who can influence the debate. If I have a choice between only the status quo or status quo plus communist minority plus libertarian minority I think the latter is better.

First of all, it is perfectly within the power of those who do not get elected to publish their views, they just don't get to use other people's money to attempt to implement them.

A second point is that since at present the government monopolises certain services it is very, very important that the people in power be subject to the most severe criticism possible under such a restraint, i.e. - the district system. If this means chopping off parties with low, thinly spread amounts of votes, then so be it.

Well democracy is just another form of dictatorship, but I think you mean whether I have a preference between democracy and other forms of dictatorship.

False, there is a fundamental difference, under democracy people have a chance at elections to get rid of bad or incompetent leaders, also votes of no confidence, impeachment, free press and so on play a similar role. Democracy is properly understood as a means of criticising governments, where in dictatorships criticism is deliberately suppressed. Democracy is very imperfect, but it is an improvement on dictatorship.

Democracy

I vote for Henry Sturman.

I think his points about the pros and cons of PR are well taken. While small parties may be free to publish their opinions, they are not free to vote on laws. There is no good reason for this. It means that people who support them are not represented in the legislature at all.

It seems to me that people who oppose PR really prefer elitist rule over honoring the people's choices (while paying lip service to democracy). If having members of more parties voting will make it harder to pass new laws, then I say "great". Most new laws suck. If there's an important new law that's worth passing, it should be possible to convince a majority to vote for it.

There's no reason we couldn't have PR in the legislature and a Condorcet-style election for a single chief executive who is not required to form a coalition. The idea of marching 62% of the way to Baghdad is really a silly argument. If the chief executive places his political ambition above principle, then he's unlikely to do the right thing no matter what system is in place.

And I don't think democracy is or isn't dictatorship. Democracy is about how to choose leaders, and dictatorship is about how much power leaders wield. You can have democratically elected dictators, and you can have leaders limited by a constitution chosen by other methods.

Gil

Clarification

I didn't mean to imply that I am in favor of PR. I think I'm against it, but not for the criticisms given above.

My main objection is that I think people should vote for individuals rather than parties. I'm not sure that the law should do much to recognize the existence of parties at all. I'm not against potential candidates organizing into parties, but that shouldn't be the concern of election laws or constitutions (I think).

But, I do like the Condorcet-style voting method. It's very similar to one that I (and probably many others) have suggested in the past. It would allow people to vote for their actual first choice without worrying about wasting their vote. Their preferences would still be represented in the outcome. And, the election results would provide much more information about voter preferences.

Gil

Re: Clarification

Gil wrote

> My main objection is that I think people should vote for individuals
> rather than parties.

I think first past the post systems are better than PR mainly because it is better that people vote for parties than individuals.

In an old culture like Britain or the US there exists certain political traditions each containing much evolved knowledge. Each tradition has had many writers and politicians contribute to it's history. Therefore with a little research a person can learn more about the beliefs of a party ( embodying one of these traditions ) than he could ever learn about an individual. Because of the history it is easier to predict what a party will do in government that what an individual will do.

For similar reasons first past the post is better because it is preferable to be ruled by any one of these evolved traditions than by some amalgamation of several of them.

A parallel is to say, if you are an organism in an environment, it is better to be an elephant or an eagle than some mixture of the two.

A Better Analogy

In any particular, changing, environment: are we likely to see better adaptation from two species of organism, or twenty?

Gil

Not such a good analogy

This analogy only works if each of these organisms is allowed to execute all it's genes independently, as would happen in 20 seperate countries each governed by one political tradition.

If the genes are combined into one organism as in PR it is much worse.

If for example one party gets the Treasury while another gets the home office we are talking about something with the trunk of an elephant and the wings of an eagle. As I'm sure you know, such an organism will survive worse that either an elephant or an eagle.

I have never seen an impeachment in reality.

I think almost all modern western democracies fail to pass the Popper's test. I am not very good at history, I must admit. But it seems to me that it is so-so-so difficult to remove a leader from power that only very few examples are out there.

Even notorious Nixon resigned himself before the impeachment has taken place and only under havy pressure of an imminent trial court. There had still been no way of de-electing him without a trial court or judge's orders to give out tapes etc.. Even in this case people (americans en mass) didn't have any choice of removing him. USA got rid of him only with a great luck, to my view.

There was no impeachment for Clinton either. Not even a slightest chance of it. Recent re-elections in Israel - the same story. Barakh resigned himself and put himself forward fot the next election. He wasn't evicted from the government because of bad handling of intifada problem. People voted for Sharon because they wanted protection - but only after Barakh resigned voluntarily.

I don't argue that western democracies are better or worse than middle east life-long "presidentships". But to my point of view none of the modern democracies are closer to Popper's principle of ability to remove a bad leader than, let's say, 100 years ago.

And in his own words, this principle has to be a pre-condition for a proper democracy, not the other way around. I.e., if people have an ability to get rid of evil president, than they could build up an open society.

elections not impeachment

ummm d00d, the main mechanism for removal is elections. if you look at US history, you'll see lots of former presidents who lost elections, and were thus removed.

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/

PR vs first past the post

Isn't this a pro free-market website? If so, why do you favor competition in the marketplace but seek to severely limit it in the political arena? Parties that have no chance of being elected to office quickly become laughingstocks and their ideas are ignored. This leads to complacency and lack of imagination in the dominant political culture. They start to see the present arrangements as immutable laws of the universe. There are many different ways to implement PR; the Israeli case with the whole country as one constituency and only a minimal number of votes needed to elect an MP is an extreme example. Some notion of a perfect democracy is not the issue, competition is.

There are a infinite number o

There are a infinite number of ways to adapt the electoral system to a more complicated and diverse society. What would be the argument against say, electing half of parliament via the very simple "approval" system and half via party-list PR in five-member districts? A very simple system that would not give representation to marginal cranks. The only argument against such a change,or something like it, is blind adherence to tradition.

an arg

The point of government policies is not to have compromises that partially enact the policy of every political group (or every person!). There must be one, unified policy (at a time). It cannot be a matter of averaging.

Democracy is not about giving everyone a fair share of control over policy, it's just a way to choose a policy, that allows for changes in policy.

Even if my argument is wrong, it is not "blind adherence to tradition".

-- Elliot Temple
http://www.curi.us/

Somehow I thought democratic

Somehow I thought democratic politics was about compromise. The "approval" method is the most objectively pro-majoritarian voting system conceived by the mind of man. The type of PR I referred to would allow at least some degree of input by ideological minorities. In in the end,unlike the basically judicial supremacist systems of the USA and EU, an authentic majority would rule.

Re: PR vs First Past the Post

A reader wrote:

'Isn't this a pro free-market website? If so, why do you favor competition in the marketplace but seek to severely limit it in the political arena? Parties that have no chance of being elected to office quickly become laughingstocks and their ideas are ignored. This leads to complacency and lack of imagination in the dominant political culture. They start to see the present arrangements as immutable laws of the universe. There are many different ways to implement PR; the Israeli case with the whole country as one constituency and only a minimal
number of votes needed to elect an MP is an extreme example. Some notion of a perfect democracy is not the issue, competition is.'

First Past the Post isn't about limiting competition, it is about allowing it. If you are going to have a state then, as a matter of fact, there is going to be one set of laws in place at a time, laws that the state gets to make. (I think we ought to move away from this monopolistic situation but that isn't likely to happen anytime soon.)

Let's contrast this with the case of, say, providing coffee. There are many different brands of coffee and many different coffee shops. Each coffee shop has distinctive policies and products, some only carry 'Fair Trade' coffee, some carry brands that are not so labelled. It's not the case that coffee shops get together and compromise on what they are going to do. they set a policy and if it makea a profit they keep going with it and try to improve it. They don't care if they offend the owners of other coffee shops with their policies, nor should they. They don't give some portion of their shops over to promoting the wares of other coffee shops, nor should they. As a result people can easily see what they're getting and don't have to calculate that maybe this product from Starbucks is actually something that got smuggled in from Pret a Manger.

In order to have competition in politics we must have distinctive parties and they must be able to have a clear legislative agenda. Now, unfortunately, if you're going to have a state you can't have the situation where you have lots of parties all passing laws at the same time in the way you can have lots of different coffee shops selling coffee at the same time. There is one set of policies at any one time and only one. So either one party is clearly in control at a time and clearly accountable for their mistakes, including those that make it impossible to pass particular legislation. Or you have a policy that's a compromise between many different parties so that all and none of them are responsible for the results. As a result the voters can't be sure from whom they are buying this policy, nor can they be sure who ought to get the chop if it turns out to be a failure. PR almost always leads to the coalition and compromise and First Past the Post does not inevitably lead to either. So First Past the Post allows competition and PR does not.

What's wrong with PR?

I live in Poland. Since 1989, when we are a free country again, we have PR voting system. During those 17 years we had 12 prime ministers. The link between MP's and voters is almost lost. Nobody understand how the votes are translated into seats in parliament and nobody knows who is representing who. We had MP's with less then 500 votes! There is always a need for a coalition to form a government and the resonsabilty is always fuzzy.

There is not ideal voting system but First Past the Post is MUCH better than PR. I know it from my life.

Bartek (37).

PR

So theoretically PR could give us the ultimate number of parties to suit the ultimate number of individuals - this would result in government null and void if it were taken to this extreme. Why is it important that minorities need to have a say in the forming of legislature.

Are we children in a sweet shop unable to limit our choices.

What is wrong with having limited choices.

If you are one of many children in a large family of limited means, you learn to accept not being able to have everything your way or everything you want, sometimes you miss-out. In sport, only one person or team can take first place. So, Why should minorities be represented in legislature. Surely Government is only there to protect, educate, provide medical services, and regulate to keep people civil between each other - or at least that's basically all it should be there to do. Yet over the ages government has increasingly encroached into peoples lives to such an extent that PR has become yet another carriage tagged to the end of a long train. After a few generations or so we have become totally indoctinated to the idea of 'personal choice' in every aspect of our lives and PR is just further indoctrination - or if you prefer PR is just further evidence of that indoctrination.

Re:

Well, PR makes it as hard as possible to choose good rulers in the first place, and well nigh impossible to vote, or campaign, or argue, to keep any party out of government.college degree | life experience graduate degree

Veryrqjf good Sitetzsp!

http://jahshaka.org/forum/member.php?u=15252&t9=1&t=nothing [url=http://jahshaka.org/forum/member.php?u=15266&t9=1&t=nothing]cheap tramadol[/url] buy fioricet diazepam [url="http://jahshaka.org/forum/member.php?u=15267&t9=1&t=nothing"]buy viagra[/url] [LINK http://jahshaka.org/forum/member.php?u=15270&t9=1&t=nothing]buy propecia[/LINK] vxdj

JkJfrTTJMEAUO

cGQzmy jhwxrvewmljd, [url=http://kfwbckygjwfc.com/]kfwbckygjwfc[/url], [link=http://scruyqvxgasi.com/]scruyqvxgasi[/link], http://perbpwrsynqd.com/

uJVnIDcOhwOJzNJe

Your low calorie diet combined with this amazing acai berry and Colon Cleansesupplement will help your body continue burning enough calories to experience weight loss

xanax xod

Good WorkFavorite Site Ever !!! discount+xanax -- buy+valium ATIVAN cheapest cialis -- cheap cialis ...

vigrx !!!

qcaioh

acomplia_I'm looking forward to your new creation Your work is v

Thanks discount propecia DISCOUNT PROPECIA| ohh-- fdcegik$ 54 cheap viagra., :-(...

viagra professional| copy viagra professional be ozuntmsk(!) discount phentermine Cheap hydrocodone buy adipex buy adipex~ nladsu

doaprgv

ativan_comments2: Montant habilexjhw :))49

Considerevole articolo ... buy h ydrocodone $ Discount Phentermine ,- cheapest cialis* cheapest cialia ltiqs-

Vigrx coqfhj. VIAGRA

BUY CIALIS ONLINE

.,

VeryngmsgoodCiakistws

http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8058&q2=1 [url=http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8057&q2=1]buy viagra[/url] hydrocodone online cheap tramadol [url="http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8055&q2=1"]buy diazepam[/url] [LINK http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8060&q2=1]generic cialis[/LINK] qsye

Hwslekmonzb

I'm looking forward to your new creation., cialis ohh fhnsdbq

Tmslexqbrgi

comment:; http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8058&q2=1 ryekdwl

Uwcvshapigj

your comments1:!! [url=http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8057&q2=1]buy viagra[/url] tmfciaq

Ucxofjakwgq

your comment 4:!!! cheap tramadol shekqon

Flncioqsugr

This is awesome!!! [url="http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8055&q2=1"]buy diazepam[/url] ouagzsh

Efopxswtyuv

comments:- [LINK http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8060&q2=1]generic cialis[/LINK] ikdsyog

YbTWhXjvrvyjPobfb

fphYTU ewsqmwnumwce, [url=http://wtfbpdolrrfn.com/]wtfbpdolrrfn[/url], [link=http://aikijfeqmsec.com/]aikijfeqmsec[/link], http://xbjfofweonvb.com/

GkFtxKjlvRtOfIBKIM

jlWw6M cqxaxangblbe, [url=http://vfciazgvscrp.com/]vfciazgvscrp[/url], [link=http://jvlpiyybrlhb.com/]jvlpiyybrlhb[/link], http://qqhumthgnami.com/

CialisLrbontravail

Many thanks ! _ttp://mediacloisters.vassar.edu/index.php/member/10831/ ;; xttp://www.stgallplan.org/jforum/user/profile/94.page .. .,

PropeciaGuterJob

Respect work - xttp://subscene.com/members/vigrxbuy.aspx http://subscene.com/members/viagrabuy.aspx

+

Diazepamvs

Sehr guter Aufstellungsort http://subscene.com/members/phenterminebuy.aspx (!)

Http://painterfactory.com/members/viaggrabuy.aspx + ~

Ativanuse

Molti nuovo ed inatteso. Semplicemente perfettamente WEB: xttp://painterfactory.com/members/valiumhere.aspx http: xttp://painterfactory.com/members/acompliahere.aspx sjyk

Hydrocodonethis

Emplacement gentil frais ;) pedalstopeople.org/members/viaggrabuy.aspx SITE: pedalstopeople.org/members/tramadolhere.aspx

copyrights

Thank you for good job ingzsla hnk zsbun

Ivookmarkedthisguestbook

comment4 qflekdj gjo unfci

Dormidableupright

comment1 wvgsqpz zxj ofrth vbh

Kamisiledu

your comment1: !!! vkdjphx rxd fkdat

Many thanks gzekqwl ajp

Many thanks gzekqwl ajp hakdf

Newelexpetto

Thank you for good job sygrqpj bji fwysm fqj

clickCheapHoodiaWeightLossGum

comment5: gibheum bun jcmrk VS

wwww

your comment 4: :))) qibhatv fqa ydntm -

any

Bye gvsxqtl lek gmfou lewpvbq

hhttp

G'end of day ncmflat dif budjc ...

VeryxdhogoosDiazepamOnlineojn

http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8053&e2=1 [url=http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8054&e2=1]buy fioricet[/url] cheap tramadol cheapest cialis [url="http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8058&e2=1"]free viagra[/url] [LINK http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8059&e2=1]cheap cialis[/LINK] xduc

VeryatiogoidBuyDiazepamrfu

http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8060&e2=2 [url=http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8053&e2=2]hydrocodone[/url] buy tramadol buy viagra [url="http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8059&e2=2"]buy cialis[/url] [LINK http://www.livescribe.com/forums/member.php?u=8054&e2=2]fioricet[/LINK] uceo

whoBuyCytotec

Beaucoup de mercis !!! xttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/propecia.htm !

!!!

andPropecia

your comment 2: bflrtzo imf kflhn *WALL*

Ranitidinebeen

Pre-eminent regards cpvbxha tdj abqwt ;

BuyCitaloprammyou

Local bonito xqsyago vfy mqtib ;;

wwwCheapTorsemide

I will recommend to my friends to see it kxmacvo thn ajtvl

Levaquincopyrights

G'end of day . _ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/benicar.htm

HetgoedewerkCheapBenicar

G'evening !! wxmsulr rkq xhtlo :!:

CarafateLamigliorescelt-ilvostrolavoro

El sitio es mucho incluso bueno . www.evroshipping.com/products/plavix.htm

hePlavix

Informationen sind sehr gut 8-) jutpdzw kds acrgm .

CheapCarafatevs

Respect you ^^ _ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/zetia.htm !!

NuyZetiaRingraziamentiperinformazione

it's really interesting :)) ftoqhwl wcn xugeq

doCheapBrabmi

comment1 ! www.evroshipping.com/products/triphala.htm

Bestetevreden,fijnontwerpBuyAtrovent

Choicest regards :)) link: ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/reminyl.htm ;

ReminylAgradecimentosparaseutrabalho,localperfeitamentebom

Thank you for good job 8-) xyncigj oln efuac :sad:

CheapLioresalMontantearduo

Most appropriate regards website: ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/celebrex.htm & *BRAVO*

CheapAciclovirweb

Site is very much even good !!! wckzpav scb vphkc

atBuyMenosan

G'end of day LINK: ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/kamasutra-contoured-condoms.htm

CheapestViagragey

Bye 8-)) _ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/viagra-soft-tabs.htm * yaezq

BuyViagraSoftTabsSehrguterufstellungsort

I didn't even realize you were sooo talented xortmbd swl oynvk

fineSublingualCialis

Nice site .. _ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/viagra-plus.htm * *TIRED*

hereXheapViagraPlus

Fahren Sie weiter fort, es ist gesund o_O jiagqwo bfu jdtcm vqibu

CheapBaxtrim

The unexpected decision xttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/valtrex.htm ;

BuyValtrexreserved

Thanks 8-) dmlwvoj ufs mvujh vwu

ArtigozelosoCozaar

Es's-feiner Aufstellungsort dsweygx jyp pwaic -

ChwapBenicarErstaunlicheArtikel

Molti nuovo ed inatteso. Semplicemente perfettamente lmyatrh kdn vfetz

addCheapReglan

comments5: ttp://www.evroshipping.com/products/cordarone.htm .,

findCheapUndinavir

Espoir il sera toujours vivant O_o cialis|cheapest cialis|free cialis pills

itCheapCeladrin

Many thanks -- suctovz mfz wlfic

AccutaneDankzuInformation

Schmackhafte Senkrechte WEBSITE _ialis|cheapest cialis|free cialis pills

bestBuyCualis

Good work O_O link: xttp://2cuteboutique.com/

:lol:

CheapViagraPerfectionnezletravail

WOW mwlhagd png ytlro kox

netscapeCialis

Great .Now i can say thank you bytvgjh tqy mflrt

CheapCialisMagnificentexecution,eccellentfilling

Continue further, it is healthy link ttp://2cuteboutique.com/

*JOKINGLY*

ErfahrenesnewelViagra

G'end of day tvzuosn ewr rdhow :twisted:

goAtivan

Hey! Great job :) xttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapcialis [smiley=cool]

helpBuyCialis

Local perfeito, eu gosto d antmvbh drx uqabx !!

Phenterminewhich

Ringraziamenti per informazione xttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/viagrrahere (!)

CheapVuagra

You asked ilswryp cxo tmbvu #

Inelpiacere!SemplicementecharmingBuyHydrocodone

I'm so exited to see your next work idslurn hla sjpib eiohaf

CheapViagraBelloluogo

Thank you for good job - HP: _http://dmc-advertising.com :sad:

NewelentusiastaBuyCialis

G'evening :))) rvkqjln pxz gxzfh ~

seeDiscountAcomploa

Please us with your sites URL: dexterwiki.sho.com/account/hydrocodonecheap # :crying:

BuyHydroxodoneonline

Keep movin! Write more – this is the right way ^_^ mqtvkdo cgw xbrjm ,-

BuyViagrais

Smakelijke recht link http://dmc-advertising.com ...

Ciais

Many thanks -- cpodjla bsh atjyn

BuyViagraVeledank.Gaindezelfdegeestverder

comments5: :))) kgxfzqy eko unimt *DONT_KNOW*

Ilvostrolavoro-piacerepernoi!NotevolmenteAtivan

Site is very much even good 8-)) web: truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapphentermine

viewedBuyPhentermine

I'm just crazy about this stuff ufliwjh avs tkxbp *SORRY*

Viahra

Bye ;) dexterwiki.sho.com/account/phenterminebest netzodj

fineBuyOhentermine

i will recommends to my friends to read this - mjigkat qdy kxwhp cmk

whereDuazepam

Thanks for your work, perfectly well site -- kzqypwe rqh yibkh (!)

textCheapViagrs

your comment5 HP dmc-advertising.com ;

FahrenSieweiterfort,esistgesundCheapCialis

comment :)) qnceufr pdb ebzfu :twisted:

ringCheapHydrocpdone

Hi all xttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapphentermine :cry:

BuyPhentermineYouhavethebestrating

your comment4: zvldaex zac radwo

CheapPhenteemine

Uitstekende plaats, abrupte uitvoering. Een goede soort ^_^ link dipex|adipex p|cheap adipex|buy adipex ~ *WASSUP*

CheapAtivanDank,hatsiesehrcielinteressiertmich

Zealous article ^_^ gmxqsvp syk cdeka zwyagm

BuyPhrntermine

Thank you for this dexterwiki.sho.com/account/cheapestviagrra :wassat:

Viafra

Thanks ifrkjwx sex guhlz .

clickBuyCoalis

I totaly love it ;) _ttp://2cuteboutique.com/ ..

asCheapViagr

Dank voor uw werk, volkomen goed plaats mrikfnl ohj qneyc wptbgxs

bestBuyViagra

Thanks [QUOTE] _http://dmc-advertising.com [/QUOTE]!!! [smiley=cool]

CheapPbenterminecheck

Thank you for this -- _ttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapcialis

PassendsterRespektCheapCialis

Thank you o_O xhsrced uni kqped

BuyAcompliaRingraziamenti,lohamoltointeressato

G'evening HP: ttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheaphydrocodone *DONT_KNOW*

CheapViagraaded

Las gracias localizan son buenas xttp://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/acompliahere ;;

clickBuyViagra

Ringraziamenti, lo ha molto interessato web _ttp://dmc-advertising.com :?:

weCialis

Most appropriate regards !!! akzorti kya fshxq

Viagraan

Respect you !!! _ttp://dmc-advertising.com

Coalisat

Emplacement gentil - fagvxzo noh stezf [smiley=think]

notBuyCialus

I in delight! It is simply charming see _http://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheaphydrocodone - wlcx

BuyHysrocodonevs

Many thanks trxudnw nrx inltb :angry:

LuogopiacevoleViagra

+5 O_O yrkhqnw kol gothq avbl

doViagra

your comment url: _http://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/hydrocodonecheap ~

CheapHydrocodonewww

Thanks you lirbkhu vlu lmpzq obyheas

DiscountAcompliaMercisituentestbon

Mucho nuevo e inesperado. Simplemente perfectamente ptrkzcn tdo isetm

clickBuyViagrs

comment 3: ... hp dmc-advertising.com | ;;

homeCheapCialis

In reply to a question here I answer :)) vsindma cyr txwfc

Ciali

your comments3: - nwaiqgo kqu gpxbv

ButCialisZeergoedePlaats

G'evensong :)) wnuxcoq bfu gmjle *NO*

CheapHydrocodoneedu

comment2: 8-)) dexterwiki.sho.com/account/cheapestcialis

bestBuyCialis

Just Stopped by to say hi, thanks ulrebxh ctm edzjs

BuyViagraSitioagradablefresco

it's really interesting - wenxgqa tlq gkemd ,-

conntentsViagra

I ringraziamenti collocano sono buoni yrkuhvz rci iulvm *WRITE*

Hydrocodonecontents

Respect you nxvoqfu naz zfyib khmsleu

Prachtigeuitvoering,hetuitstekendevullenHydrocodone

You have the best rating -- xjervqy aoh viwan *TIRED*

BuyVakiumand

Thanks you mdaiyfk sgk nrhdi :wink:

bestBuyVoagra

Local excelente _ttp://dmc-advertising.com

tujlix

CheapCialisLocalmuitointeressantr

Beaucoup de nouveau et inattendu. Simplement parfaitement ^_^ fjlvatz qdy ehpnz ~

BuyCialid

Hi o_O LINK: _ttp://2cuteboutique.com/ !

ylkv

mostPhentermine

comment O_O cdonyki nki yvtwu dfegiw

CheapAtivanLasgracuas,metienemuchointeresado

Ga verder verder, is het gezond _http://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/bestadipex ~ ~

Adipwx

Ringraziamenti, lo ha molto interessato 8-)) pgcmifl cat cxhfl [smiley=evil]

CheapAtivabParaprenderassim

I didn't even realize you were sooo talented -- website: _http://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/hydrocodonecheap

BuyHydrocodoe

Most appropriate regards ;) gauyewn iqr ulzda baqltk

bestBuyViagra

Bye WEBSITE dmc-advertising.com !

CheapHydrocodoneweb

Het is de koelste plaats, zo houdt hsyivmw ozf osyie toxud

incBuyViagea

Pre-eminent regards O_o URL: dexterwiki.sho.com/account/acompliahere &

goAcomplia

comment1 txdnjob zkh upirf :wassat:

BuyDiazepamwas

I totaly love it o_O SITE: _ttp://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/cheapestviagrra *NO*

BuyXialisget

+4 -- http://2cuteboutique.com/

.,

ViagraPerfectionnezletravail

Answer to your question is gtixdpm noh ycntv

Lemeilleurcontenu,conceptiond'amendeHydrocodone

I'm looking forward to your new creation ttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapativan :twisted:

httpCheapAtivan

Respect work -- eiogzsp hvx znsce

addBuyAdipex

Keep up a good work WEB: ttp://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/hydrocodonecheap

DiscountAvompliaview

your comment 2: zmhwvgf ifu nodbe daync

CheapViagraHetisdekoelsteplaats,zohoudt

Esecuzione magnifica, materiale da otturazione eccellente ttp://dmc-advertising.com *TIRED*

CheapCialidvisitors

Trabalho saboroso pxgdjkq wtv dhicg blea

rrservedCheapViagra

Dank voor informatie ckuqnjg upz rmsfp *ROFL*

IinderFreude!SieisteinfachreizendBuyValium

Recuerdos :)) mkjcrti dhk bshjc *SORRY*

AdipexRingraziamenti,lohamoltointeressato

your comment5: -- rcifolh tfl zqmna ,

CCialiswhy

This is awesome ttp://2cuteboutique.com/ ..

Localexcelente.UmbomtipoBuyViagra

Congratulations risoyhe teb hblym [smiley=tongue]

Cialiscopy

G'evening o_O adipex p|cheap adipex|buy adipex ~ [smiley=happy]

BuyPhentermineDeinformatieidzeergoed

Keep movin! Write more – this is the right way ^_^ _http://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapativan ! ;

BuyPhentermineDeinformatieidzeergoed

Keep movin! Write more – this is the right way ^_^ _http://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapativan ! ;

LuogopiacevolefreddoBuyAtivan

I want to say - thank you for this ytpzisn ids fqnxt ochir

Cheaphenterminebe

G'end of day ^^ pwgdmjf gxq gfyui .

HydrocodoneGutesInfo

comment2: ngadsqc okj ebmlj

MercisdeSpecialdevotretravailCialis

Voglio dire - grazie per questo fcvspkt yie idmjf ..

BuyViahraon

Thanks for the great post 8-)) web http://dmc-advertising.com + razb

linksViagra

Thanks you big [QUOTE] _ttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapcialis [/QUOTE] :tongue:

BuyCislis

Many thanks 8-) ctqrvmy ypn fcuiv #

thatPgentermine

your comment 5: !!! http: xttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapcialis -

bestCheapCialis

Respect you O_O website xttp://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/bestadipex hrc

cimAdipexP

G'evening navxwhp syk rnmbg

witjCheapCialis

comment -- iwfpyve amv bsyur lgq

Viagraadded

Se dovete farli, potreste pure farli di destra site: xttp://dmc-advertising.com *WASSUP*

BuyCialisItisthecoollestsite,keepso

I will recommend to my friends to see it qnpbsuw wji vfrgk *DRINK*

Hydrocodonebeen

it's really interesting URL _http://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapphentermine VS

BuyPhentermieEmplacementincroyable

+3 dhzwtcx wvr queak

Acomploa

Beste wensen ^^ _ttp://truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapphentermine

CheapPhenterminw

I'm so exited to see your next work efuwlkz jpz dynpe

AdipexPother

+4 . http://dexterwiki.sho.com/account/buyvalium lvujya

BuyViagrabest

Respect work -- nokudab zda nbxhq nrx

Yourworkisveryintellectual.SuperBuyAcomplia

Het goede werk - link: truebloodwiki.hbo.com/account/cheapativan -- .,

twoBuyCislis

i will recommends to my friends to read this !! wpxikny qmy zfhxv yidf

getCheapViagrra

Wow, you did great ttp://dmc-advertising.com

:tongue:

ChespCialisif

Auguri wfedbnc dny qzuwv :smile:

1

Post new comment



The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly.




  • Allowed HTML tags: <p> <blockquote> <a> <b> <strong> <i> <em> <u> <ol> <ul> <li> <img> <strike> <cite> <sup> <sub>
  • Leave a blank line between paragraphs.
  • '@' characters will be replaced with images to impede spammers.